Brachytherapy is to place radioactive sources directly into or next to the tumor or target region. This enables tumors to be treated by high radiation dose but a rapid dose fall-off to the surrounding healthy tissues. High-Dose-Rate (HDR) brachytherapy uses a higher-strength radioactive source contained within an afterloading device. The afterloader delivers the source for a short period of time to catheters, or applicators placed in the tumor site.

HDR cervical cancer brachytherapy Use cervical cancer specific applicator (Tandem and Ovoid applicator) to treat the tumor region. The CT images and dose volume histogram (DVH) can be used to evaluate the quality of the treatment plan.

HDR prostate cancer brachytherapy-Brachytherapy has become the treatment trend for early stage prostate cancer. To use this technique, selective patient is highly recommended, it depend on the characteristics of the tumor cell and the prostate size. Patients don??/span>t need surgery but yet have good treatment outcome. Patients treated by HDR brachytherapy have much lower incidence of urinary incontinence as compared with radical surgery; furthermore, the probability of sexual dysfunction is also significantly reduced.

Stereotactic Brain Implant??/span>The use of stereotactic localization to assist brachytherapy can treat large malignant brain tumor but reduce normal brain complication. By cooperation with neurosurgeon, computed tomography is used to check the right position of applicator, and Ir-192 source entered into the target site through afterloader device. The computerized treatment planning is also used to evaluate the dose coverage of the tumor site.

Three dimension computer treatment planning to perform dose calculation and ensure tumor coverage is essential for brachytherapy.