­º­¶ ] ¦V¤W ] ¥xÆW±`¨£«æ©Ê¬rÃĪ«¤¤¬rªº³B²z ] ´¶®³¯k¤¤¬r ] ¦å²G²b¤Æ©ó«æ©Ê¤¤¬rªº¨Ï¥Î ] ­«ª÷Äݤ¤¬r ] ¥xÆW¦a°Ï¬r³D«r¶Ë³B²z¤Î¹w¨¾ ] ·í¤ß¥V¤ÑµL§Îªº±þ¤â ] Ùæ¤Æª« ] ¤p¤ß¤õÃƪº¬r®` ] °²°s¤¤ªº¥Ò¾J¤¤¬r ] [ ¦³¾÷ÁC¤Î®ò°ò¥Ò»ÄÆQ±þÂξ¯¹AÃĤ¤¬r ] ¹w¨¾ªêÀY¸Áªº¶Ë®` ] ¦p¦ó¹w¨¾¬r³D«r¶Ë¤Î«r¶Ë«á¦p¦ó¥ß§Y³B²z ] ¦p¦ó¹w¨¾«Äµ£·N¥~¤¤¬r ] ¥~¥Î¤îµhÄoÃÄ»I¹L¶q·|­n©R ] ¹w¨¾¦×¬r±ìµß¤¤¬r ]

¦³¾÷ÁC¤Î®ò°ò¥Ò»ÄÆQ±þÂξ¯¹AÃĤ¤¬r

 (Organophosphate and Carbamate Poisoning)

 ³ø§i¡GÁ©s¦ëÂå®v; «ü¾É¡GªLªN¼Ù±Ð±Â

 

¾ú¥v

¤@¡BPhysostigmine¦b¦è«D³Qµo²{©ó1840¦~­º«×³Q±a©¹­^°ê

¤G¡B1877¦~ Laqueur ­º¦¸¨Ï¥Î¥¦¨ÓªvÀø«C¥ú²´

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¤­¡B1950¦~¥N Carbamates ³Q¦X¦¨

¤¤¬r

¤@¡BºC©Ê¼ÉÅS¡G¹A·~¤Wªº¤j¶q¨Ï¥Î

¤G¡B¶W¹L250ºØªº«~µP¦b¬ü°ê¤W¥«¨Ï¥Î¡A¨ä¤¤ªº¦Ê¤À¤§¤K¤Q¬Ò¦³¤¤¬r¦í°|ªº³ø§i

¤T¡B¤p«Ä»~­¹¡G«O¦s¤£·í¤Î©ö©ó¨ú±o

¥|¡B¦Û±þ·N¹Ï¡G©ö©óÁʱo¥BµLÄY®æ¥ßªk³W½d¡A¦³³ø§i«ü¥X¡A¤@¨Ç«D¬w°ê®aÄY­«¤¤¬rªº®×¨Ò¤¤¡A¦³¦Ê¤À¤§¥|¤Q¦Ü¦Ê¤À¤§¤»¤Q¬OÄÝ©ó¦¹Ãþ, ¬°¥@¬É¤W³Ì±`¨£ªº¤¤¬r¤§¤@¡C

 

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Acetylcholine as a Neurotransmitter(¯«¸g¶Ç¾Éª«½è)¡G

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«æ©Ê¦³¾÷ÁC¤¤¬rªº¼x­Ô

Muscarinic Symptoms¡G

©I§l¨t²Î¡G¯Ý´e¡B®ð«P¡B¤Àªc¼W¥[¡BªÍ¤ô¸~

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Muscarinic Symptoms ¡G

¥~¤Àªc¸¢¡G¬y¦½¡B¬y²\¡B¬y¤f¤ô

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Nicotinic Manifestation ¡G

¤ß¦åºÞ¨t²Î¡G»a¥Õ¡B¤ß³Õ¹L³t¡B¦åÀ£¤W¤É

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¤¤¼Ï¯«¸g¨t²Îªºªí²{¡G

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¶EÂ_

¶EÂ_ªºcriteria¡G¤U¦C¤T¶µªººî¦X

¤@¡BÁ{§É¼x­Ôªí²{

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¹w«áªºµû¦ô¡G»OÆWªø©°¦Û¤vªº¬ã¨s

°ò©ó¦å²M¤¤»Ã¯À(Rseudocholinesterase)ªº´î¤Ö¨Ó§@grading¡G

µ²ªG¡Gªì©l»Ã¯À´î¤Öµ{«×¦b»´¦Ü¤¤«×ªÌ

¨ä¤¤20% ==> µo¥Í©I§l°IºÜ

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 indicator¡G©w¸qQTc¤j©ó 0.440¬í¬°QTc prolongation

( Bazett¡¦s formula¡GQTc = QT/   (RR)     )

 

 

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­««×(severe) ==> ¼ÉÅS©Î»~­¹¯f¥v¡B·NÃѧïÅÜ¡B

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Anticholinergic Medication

 

Atropine(ªü¦«¥­)

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¤G¡B¾A·íªºatropinization¡G¤Àªcª«ªº¦h¹è

¤T¡B³sÄòºwª`V.S.­«ÂЪ`®g(repeated bolus)

 

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°Æ§@¥Î¡G¥NÁ²£ª«(¦phydrogen cyanide)¨ã¦³¬r©Ê¡A

                ·|¦³äú¤ß¡BÀY·w¡B·NÃѤ£²Mªº¯gª¬¡A¤£

                ©ö»P¦³¾÷ÁC¤¤¬r°Ï¤Àªº¯gª¬

 

 

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Glycopyrrolate

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µ²½×

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1.  O'Malley M: Clinical enaluation of pepticide exposure and poisoning.  Lancet 1997 : 349:1161-66.

2.  Bardine PG et al: Organophosphate and carbamate poisoning: Arch Int Med 1994; 154: 1433-41.

3.  De Bleecker JL et al: Neurological aspects of organophosphate poisoning. Clin Neurol Neuosuger 1992; 94: 93-103.

4.  Chuang FR, Jang SW, Lin JL et al: QTc prolongation indicates a poor prognosis in patients with organophosphate poisoning. Am J Emerg Med 1996; 14:451-453.

 

 

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