¶Wµªi
±Ð¾Ç»P¤u§@³W½d
Indications
for Level II
ie: elevated
£\FP
ie: DM, heart disease, connective tissue
disease, metabolic diseases, etc.
²£¬ì¶Wµªi
²£¬ì¶Wµªiªº¥Dn¾AÀ³¯g:
§³®WÄÖ¤§¦ôºâ:
¦¹´ÁCRL»~®t¥[¤j¡A´ú©w¥HBPD¡BFL¥[¤WAC¬°¥D¡C
¡±§³®W²Ä¤G¡B¤T¶¥¬q±`¥Î¥H¦ôºâ§³®WÄÖ¤§°Ñ¦ÒÈ(parameters):
¤G°¼³»°©¸gBiparietal
diameter(BPD)
´ú¶qBPD¤§¥¿½Tn¶µ:
¡EBPD¥²¶·¦b°¼¸£«Ç°ª«×¥H¤U¡A«ê¦n¦b²´²µ¤Î¸£²ô°ª«×¥H¤W¡AÀ³¬°§Z¶ê§Î¡C
¡EBPD½d³ò©Ò¨£¶·¥]¬A¥C¸£(thalamus)¡B³z©ú¹jµÄ(cavuum septum pellucidum)©M¤¤¸£°Ê¯ß³Õ°Ê¡C
¡E¤¤½u¦Ü¤G°¼½t¥²¶·µ¥®|¡C
¡EBPD¤§´ú¶q¥²¶·»P¤¤½u««ª½¡A¥Ñ¸£Æ`¤@°¼¤§¥~½t¦Ü¥t¤@°¼¤§¤º½t¡C
§Q¥Î³æ¤@BPD´ú¶q¦ôºâ§³®WÄÖªº¼Ð·Ç®t¦b
ÀY³òHead
circumference(HC)
´ú¶q¤§¥¿½Tn¶µ¡G
¡E¦b»PÂù³»°©®|¦P°ª«×±Ä¾î¦V±½ºË¡C
¡E¥Ñ©ó¤£¨üLÀYÅܧμvÂQ¡AHC¦b§³®W¥½¤TÓ¤ë¸ûBPD·Ç½T¡C
¡EHC¥i§ó·Ç½T§@¹ïºÙ©ÊIUGR¤Î¤pÀY¯gªºµû¦ô¡C
¸¡³ò(Abdominal
circumference(AC)
´ú¶q¤§¥¿½Tn¶µ¡G
¡EACÀ³¬°¤@¹ïºÙ¶ê¡C
¡EÀ³©ó¥DªùÀR¯ß¤À¤ä¶i¤J¥ª¥kªùÀR¯ß³B¡A«ê¦n©ó¾î¹j½¤¥H¤U³B¨ú±o¡C
¡EAC¤ºÀ³¥]¬AL¨à¨xŦ¡B¯á´Õ¡BG©Mªù¯ß¤À¤äªºÂÀ±a¬q¡C
¡¹¦³¤U¦C±¡§Î«h¼vÂQAC´ú¶q¤§¤£·Ç½T¡G
¡E¦Ï¤ô¹L¤Ö¡BL¦ì¤£¥¿©Î¥ý¤Ñ²§±`À£¢¸¡³¡¡C
¡EL¨à¯á´Õ¥¿¦V´Â¤W©Î¥¿¦V´Â¤U¡C
¡EL¨àG³¡¤£¥i¨£¡C
¡EL¨à¸¡¤ô¡C
ªÑ°©®|Femur
leng(FL)
´ú¶q¤§¥¿½Tn¶µ¡G
¡E´ú±o¤£¥]¬AªÑ°©ÀY¦b¤º¤§³Ìªø®|¡C
¡E´ú¶qÀ³±q°©·F¥½ºÝ¦Ó¦Ü¤j²Ê¶©(greater
trochanter)¡C
¡E°jµ¼v¹³¦³§U©ó¥¿½T´ú¶qFL¡A§³®W¤¤¤TÓ¤ë´Á§@³æ¤@FL´ú¶q¦ôºâ§³®WÄÖªº¼Ð·Ç®t»PBPD¦P¡C
a.
¦¹´Á¥Ñ©óLÀY¦¨ªø³t«×Áͽw¡A¥BLÀY§Îª¬ÅܤƷ¥¤j¡A¬G³æ¤@BPD´ú¶qµû¦ôLÄÖ¸û¤£·Ç½T¡A¦¹¥~¦pÁv¦ì©M¾î¦ì²£¤]¨Ï±o¾Þ§@§Þ³N§ó¬°§xÃø¡C¬GÀY³òªº´ú¶q¦b¦¹·U«á´Á·U¨ã°Ñ¦Ò»ùÈ¡C
b.
¾ãÓ¨Ó»¡¡A¦¹´Á¨ü¨ìL¨à¸û¤j¤Î¬Û¹ï¤l®c¤ºªÅ¶¡ªºÁY¤p¨Ï±o¥ô¦ó¤@³æ¤@°Ñ¦ÒȤ§´ú¶q»~®t§¡¸û¤j¡C
c.
ºî¦X³o¨Ç²z¥Ñ¡A«Øij¦¹´ÁLÄÖªº´ú©wÀ³¥H¦h¶µ°Ñ¦Òȵû¦ô¬°¥D¡C
d.
¤@¯ë¦Ó¨¥¡A¹ï
Âù³»°©®|
¸¡³ò
ªÑ°©®|
¹ï
ÀY³ò
¸¡³ò
ªÑ°©®|
¡±Summary¡G³æ¤@¶Wµªi´ú§³®WÄÖ¦b¦U§³®W´Á¸û¨Î¤§°Ñ¦ÒȤÎÀu¥ý¶¶§Ç
ªÑ°©ªø«×(FL)
¸¡³ò(AC)
¸¡³ò(AC)
ªÑ°©ªø«×(FL)
¸¡³ò(AC)
ªÑ°©ªø«×(FL)
²{¥N±`³W¶WµªiÀˬdªº¤º®e
§³®W²Ä¤@¶¥¬q¡G
§³®W²Ä¤G¡B¤T¶¥¬q¡G
¡¹L½L¤À¯Å
¶WµªiªºL½L¦¨¼ô«×¤À¯Å©w¸q¦p¤U¡G
²Ä
²ÄI¯Å¡Gµ³¤ò½¤¥±½u§Î·|§e²{¥X¬ð¾Uªºö_¾¦ª¬¡AL½L¥»½è¦³³¡¥÷´²®g°ª¿@«×°Ï¡C
²ÄII¯Å¡G°ò¦¼h¦³¶Wµªi±K«×°Ï¡A¦p³rÂIª¬ªu¦ù¦ÜL½L¹ê½è¡C
²ÄIII¯Å:
³rÂIª¬¿@«×ªu¦ù¦Üµ³¤ò½¤¥±¡A¨ÏL½L§e²{§¹¥þ¤À¸ª¬(cotyledons)¡C
L½L¤À¯Å©ML¨à§³®WÄÖ
L½L¤À¯Å
¹w¦ô§³®WÄÖ
I
II
III
¨¬¤ë(
¹ï¥¿±`§³®W¦Ó¨¥¡A²Ä¤T¯ÅL½L¥i¹w´ú¬°L¨àªÍ¤w¦¨¼ô¡A¦ý¦b§³®W
¡¹¦Ï¤ô¶qªºµû¦ô
¤@¯ë¥H¥ÀÅé¨{ÂÀ¬°¤¤¤ß¡A§@¤Q¦r§Î¹º¤À¬°¥|©T¶H¡A¶q¨ú¦U¶H¤§««ª½³Ì¤j¦Ï¤ô³U²`«×¡AÁ`©M§Y¬°Amniotic
fluid index(AFI)¡A¥¿±`Ȭ°
²£¬ì°ª¼h¦¸¶Wµªi
¤À¬°level
I¤Îlevel
III¡]L¨à¤ßŦ¶Wµªi¡^
‚Àˬd¶·n¤ñ¸ûªø®É¶¡
ƒ¥ÑÂå®v°õ¦æÀ˹î
²£¬ì°ª¼h¦¸¶Wµªiªº¾AÀ³¯g
´¿¸g¥Í¤U¦b¶Wµªi¤U¥i¿ëÃѤ§²§±`L¨à
‚¥À¦å¿z¿ï¡AL¨à³J¥Õ¿@«×¤£¥¿±`
ƒ¦Ï¤ô¶q¹L¦h©Î¹L¤Ö
„L¨à¥Íªø¿ðº¢
¡K¥À¿Ë¦³¿}§¿¯f
†´¿¸g±µÄ²¨î·îLªºª«½è
‡¨ä¥L
Àˬd®É¾÷
¤@¯ë¥Hº¡
²£¬ì¥ßÅé¶Wµªi
¹ïÃC±²§±`¡]®Bµõ¡B²«µõ¡B¯¶©Î¼e²´¶Z¡^¤§´ú¶q
‚¼W¶i¥À¿Ë¸òL¨à¤§Ãö«Y
ƒ¤è«K¸ÑÄÀ
Àˬd®É¾÷
¥H
Ultrasound
in Obstetrics
ƒÞTiming and location of
delivery
ƒÞPrognosis
Medico-legal
issues
ƒÞIUGR
ƒÞMaternal
DM
ƒÞExposure to teratogen
ƒÞAbsent end-diastolic
velocity of umbilical artery by doppler
ƒÞother
ƒÞGreat vessel
view
ƒÞGreat vessel
crossing
ƒÞPA/AO
ratio
ƒÞ
ƒÞAortic arch
ƒÞDuctal arch
ƒÞPericardial
area
ƒÞPulmonary
area
ƒÞNuchal occipital thickness
ƒÞThroracic circuference
ƒÞL/R kidney circumference
Gynecologic
Color Doppler Ultrasound
±m¦â¶Wµªiªºµo®i¨´¤µ¬ù¦³
¦b°Q½×³o¨Ç¬ã¨s¤§«e¥H¤U´XӥΥH´yzªý¤O«Y¼Æªº¦Wµü¥²¶·¥ý¤F¸Ñ¡G
¥Ø«e¥Hovarian
cancer©Mendometrial
cancerªºÀ³¥Î³Ì¬°±`¨£¡A²z©ó¤U¡G
¬
PI <
RI <
*
´ú¶q®É¥Htransvaginal
sonography¤ñtransaldomial
sonography¬°Àu¡A¦]transvaginal
sonography probe¶ZÂ÷¸~½F¸ûªñ¡A©ñ¤j¦ì¿²v¸û°ª¡A¥Bprobe¸û¤£·|¦]¬°¯f¤Hªº©I§l¹B°Ê¦Ó²¾°Ê¡A¤@¯ë¦Ó¨¥transabdominal
sonography¥u¥Î©óµL©Ê¦æ¬°¤§¯f±w¡C
Endometrial
Cancer¡G
¬
Endometrial echogenic shadow:®Ú¾Úkurjak©ó
Loss of subendometrial halo zone: ¤º½¤¤Uªºecholuscent
zone¦pªG®ø¥¢¸g±`ªí¥Ü¦³myometrial
invasion¡C
®
Myometrium shadow: ¥Hmyometrium¤º¤§heterogenous
echo¥i¥H¬Ý¥Xmyometrial
invasion¨ÌShipley¤ÎKarlssonµ¥¤Hªº¬ã¨s¥¿½T©Ê¤]¥i¹F85%¡C
Ãh¥¥
ð¤ó¯gµo¥Í²v·|ÀHµÛ¥À¿Ë¦~ÄÖªº¼W°ª¦Ó¼W¥[¡A©Ò¥H°ªÄÖ²£°ü¤ñ¸û®e©öÃh¦³ð¤ó¯gL¨à¡AµM¦Ó¦~¬ö¸û»´ªº¥¥°ü¤]¦³¥i¯àµo¥Í¡A¥u¬O¾÷·|¸û¤p¡C¨Ò¦p¡G
Ãh¥¥
¦¹ºØ¶Wµªi¿zÀË¥Dn¬O´ú¶qL¨àÀV³¡«á¤è³z©ú±a(nuchal
translucency)ªº«p«×¡AÀ³¥Î©ó¿zÀËL¨à¬V¦â²§±`(¯S§O¬Oð¤ó¯g)¡C©Ò¿×ÀV³¡³z©ú±a«Y«üL¥ýÀV³¡«á¤è¥Ö¤U¿n¤ôªºªÅ»Ø¡A¦b¶Wµªi±½´y®É·|§e²{³z©ú±aª¬¡A¦A´ú¶q¤¶©ó¥Ö½§©M²Õ´¤§¶¡ªºªÅ»Ø«p«×¡C
µ´¤j³¡¥÷¥¿±`L¨à¡A³£¥i¬Ý¨ì¦¹³z©ú±a¡F¦ý¬V¦âÅ鲧±`L¨à(¯S§O¬Oð¤ó¯g¨à)¡A¨äÀV³¡³z©ú±a·|©úÅã¼W«p¡C¦X¨ÖÀV³¡³z©ú±a«p«×»P¥À¿Ë¦~ÄÖ¡A¥i¥H§Q¥Î¹q¸£³nÅé¨Óµû¦ô±zÃh¦³ð¤ó¯g¨àªº¥i¯à¾÷²v¡C³oºØ¾÷²v·§©À»P¥Ø«e¥À¦å¿zÀËð¤ó¯g©Ò±oªº¾÷²vÃþ¦ü¡A¥Ñ¦¹¾÷²v¦A¨Ó§PŪ±z¬O§_»Ýn¶i¤@¨B±µ¨üÀˬd¡C
¥Ø«e¦b^°ê¤Î¼Ú¬w¤w¦³³\¦hÂå¾Ç¤¤¤ß¡A¦b²£«eÀˬd´£¨Ñ¦¹ºØ¶Wµªi±½´y¡C³oºØ¶Wµªi±½´y¤èªk¡A¬J²³æ¤S¦w¥þ¡A¥un¸g¥Ñ¥¥°ü¸¡³¡¡A¤£¥Î§Ô¨ü³Ü¤ôº¦»H¯Ö¤§Y¡C§Y¥i¬Ý¨ìL¨à¦´Áµo¨|ª¬ªp¡C
Ãh¥¥ªì´Á¶Wµªi¿zÀ˱½´y¥Dn¥Øªº
½T©wL¨à¤ß¸õ¦s¬¡
½T©wL¨à¨ü¥¥¦ì¸m
½T©wL¨àÃh¥¥¶g¼Æ
½T©wL¨àÓ¼Æ(¦hML»P§_)
´ú¶qÀV³¡³z©ú±a¡A¥Hµû¦ôL¨à¿©±wð¤ó¯gªº¥i¯à¾÷²v¡C
¤UÓ¨BÆJ¸Ó¦p¦ó
·í¶Wµªi¿zÀËÀV³¡³z©ú±a¦Ó¦ôp¥X±zÃh¦³ð¤ó¯g¨àªº¥i¯à¾÷²v¡A¤ñ
¦pªG±z¶Wµªi¿zÀËÀË°ª¡A¤S¤£±µ¨ü¤Wz«Øij¡F©Î¬O¶Wµªi¿zÀ˾÷²v§C®É¡A±µµÛ¤UÓ¨BÆJ¡A«h¨Ì²{¦æ¬Fµ¦¡C¹ï©ó
Ãh¥¥ªì´Á¶Wµªi¿zÀ˪º¬ã¨s¦¨ªG
¦b^°ê¥Ø«e¤w¦³
Á`µ²
ð¤ó¯g¨à¬O³Ì±`¨£ªº¬V¦âÅ鲧±`¡A¨äµo¥Í¨äµo¥Í²v¥u¦³
©Ò¦³¥¥°ü¤£ºÞ¦~ÄÖ¦h¤Ö¡A³£¦³¥i¯àÃh¦³ð¤ó¯g¨à¡A¥u¦³¾÷·|¦h¹è¡C
ÀV³¡³z©ú±a¦ôp±zÃh¦³ð¤ó¨àªº¥i¯à¾÷·|Áö°¾°ª¡A¦ý±zªºL¨àµ´¤j³¡¤À¤´¬O¥¿±`ªº¡A©Ò¥H½Ð±z¤£n¤Ó¾á¤ß¡C
ÀV³¡³z©ú±a¦ôp¾÷²v¡A¶È¯à´£¨Ñ¬O§_»Ýn¶i¤@¨B±µ¨ü²£«e¶EÂ_ªº°Ñ¦Ò¡F±z¤£¯à¾Ì¦¹¶Wµªi¿zÀ˵²ªG¡A§Y§PÂ_L¨à¬O§_²§±`¡C
L¨à¬V¦âÅ饿±`»P§_¤§¥¿½T¶EÂ_¤´¶·¨Ì¾aµ³¤ò½¤¨ú¼Ë©Î¦Ï½¤¬ï¨ëªº¤ÀªR¡C
L¨àÀV³¡³z©ú½¤±aªºÃh¥¥
Ãh¥¥
Color
Doppler Sonography¤ÎPower imaging
¶Wµªi±q¤G¦¸¤j¾Ô¶}©lµo®i¡C±q³Ìªì¹³¤@өж¡¤jªºÁn¯Ç¡A¶i¨B¨ì³Ì¤p¬Æ¦Ü¥i¤â´£¦p¹q¸£Åã¥Ü¾¹¯ë¤j¤pªº¤pª÷è¶Wµªi(¦í°|Âå®v³ß·Rªº¼ÊºÙ)¡C¼v¹³ªºµo®i¤]±qM-mode¶i¨B¨ìªñ¤Q¦~«e¶}©lªº¥±(two-dimensional)¦Ç¶¥(gray
scale)¤§¹ê®É¶¡(real
time)¶Wµªi©ÎºÙ¬°B-modeªº¼v¹³¨Ó¶EÂ_¤l®c¤Î§Z±_¤§§ÎºA¾Ç¤Wªº§ïÅÜ¡C¶Wµªi¶EÂ_ªº¤è¦¡¤]±q¸¡³¡¶Wµªi¶i®i¦Ü§ó±µªñ¶EÂ_¥Ø¼Ð¦p§Z±_¤Î¤l®cªº³±¹D¶Wµªi¡CµM¦ÓB-mode¥u¯à§¹¬üªºÅã¥Ü°»´úª«§ÎºA¾ÇªºÅܤơA½TµLªkÅã²{¦å¬y¡A¦åºÞ²§±`¡A¤Î¦å²G°Ê¤O¾Ç¤WªºÅܤơC´«¥y¸Ü»¡¤]´N¬OµLªkÅã¥Ü°»´úª«¥Í²z¾Ç©Î¯f²z¾Ç¤WªºÅܤơC¦³¤F±m¦â§ù´¶°Ç¶Wµªi(Color
Doppler sonography)¤Î¯à¶q§e¹³¶Wµªi(Power
imaging)¤§«á¡A°»´úª«ªº¦å¬y¯à³Q¨³³tªºµû¦ô¡A¦åºÞªº¦s¦b»P§_¤Î¦å¬yªº¤è¦V¤]¦P¨BªºÅã¥Ü©ó»È¹õ¤§¤W¡C¨ä¥L§óºë²Óªº¸ê°T¦p¦å¬y³t«×¤Î²Õ´¾¹©xªºÄé¬y(perfusion)µ¥¤]¯à»´ÃPªº±oª¾¡C±oª¾¦å¬y¨ÑÀ³¤Î¾¹©xÄé¬y¹ï¶Wµªi«D«Iŧ©Êªº¶EÂ_°©¬ÖµÄ¾¹©x¯fÅܳy¦¨¤F«¤jªº¼vÅT¡A¤]¼W¥[¶Wµªi¶EÂ_ªº½d³ò»P¨¤¦â¡C±q¦¹¡A¦³B-mode§¹¬üªºÅã¥Ü°»´úª«ªº¶Wµªi§ÎºA«á¡A¦A¥[¤W±m¦â§ù´¶°Ç¶Wµªi(Color
Doppler sonography)¤Î¯à¶q§e¹³¶Wµªi(Power
imaging)Åã¥Ü°»´úª«ªº¦åºÞ¤Î¦å¬y¸ê°T¡AÅýµL«Iŧ©Êªº¶Wµªi¶EÂ_¸¡³¡¸~½F¶i¤J¤@·sªº¹Ò¬É¡A§ó¯à·Ç½Tªº¤À¿ë¸¡³¡¸~½Fªº¨}´c©Ê¡A¤Î§ó½T¹êªº©ó¤â³N«e´NŲ§O¶EÂ_¥X¦UÃþ¸¡³¡¸~½F¡C¨ÃÅý¯f¤H¯à¦]¦¹±µ¨ü§ó¾A·íªº¤â³N¤è¦¡¡C·íµM¨ä¤¤¤]¥]¬A¤l®c¦Ù¸¢½F»P¤l®c¦Ù½F¤§°Ï¤À¶EÂ_¡C°£¦¹¤§¥~¡A¹ï±µ¨ü¤H¤u¥Í´Þ¬ì§Þªº¯f¤H¡A§Ú̧Q¥Î±m¦â§ù´¶°Ç¶Wµªi(Color
Doppler sonography)¤Î¯à¶q§e¹³¶Wµªi(Power
imaging)©ó¤ë¸g´Á¶¡´N¯à§PÂ_¥XµÄ«Ç§Zªw(antral
follicle)ªº¼Æ¥Ø(
¥ßÅé¶Wµªi¦b²£¬ìªºÀ³¥Î
¦UºØL¨à¥ý¤Ñ·î§Îªº¶EÂ_¡G¥ßÅé¶Wµªi¥i¥H»²§U²{¦³ªº°ª¼h¦¸°ª¸ÑªR«×¶Wµªi»P±m¦â³£¤R°Ç¦å¬y¶WµªiÀˬd¡A´£°ª¹ïL¨à¥ý¤Ñ·î§Î¶EÂ_ªº·Ç½T©Ê¡C¨Ò¦p®BÃEµõ¡BÀV³¡²O¤Ú¤ô¸~¡B³sÅéÀ¦¡BL¨à¥þ¨¤ô¸~¡B¦hÅnµÇ¡B¨ÅÁS¯Ýµ¥¡C
¥¥°ü»PL¨àªº¤¬°ÊÃö«Y¡G§Q¥Î¥ßÅé¶Wµªi¥i¥HÅý¥¥°ü§ó²M·¡¦a¬Ý¨ì¨{¤l¸Ì¥i·RªºÄ_Ä_¡A¦p°t¦X¡u§Y®É¥ßÅ馨¹³¨t²Î¡v(Live
L¨àÅ髪º¹w´ú¡G¥H©¹
L¨à¾¹©x¡B²Õ´©Î¯f²z©Ê¤ô¥÷¡Bïõº¢ªº´ú¶q»Pµû¦ô¡GL¨à¤ß¡BªÍ¡B¨x¡BµÇªº´ú¶q¥i¥H´£¨ÑL¨à¥Íªøªº§PÂ_¡C¦Ó¥ßÅé¶Wµªi¤]¥i¥H°w¹ïL¨à¦Ø½¤¿n¤ô¡B¸¡¤ô¡B¤ô¸£¡BµÇ¤ô¸~µ¥±¡§Îªº¶i¦æ©ÊÅܤƴ£¨Ñ¥¿½Tµû¦ô¡C
¤l®cÀV³¬Âꤣ¥þªº¶EÂ_»P°lÂÜ¡C
¥ßÅé¶Wµªi¦b°ü¬ìªºÀ³¥Î
¤£¦P¤¶½è¶Ç¾ÉÁnªiªº³t«×®t²§·U¤j¡A·U¯à¥YÅã§éªðªº¦^Án¡C¦]¦¹¡A°£«D¦³¸¡¤ôªº¦s¦b¡A§_«h°ü¬ì±wªÌ´NµLªk¹³²£¬ì¥¥°ü¦]¬°¦³¦Ï¤ôªº¦s¦b¦Ó¾Ö¦³Àu¶Õªº¦¨¹³±ø¥ó¡C¦pªGn¥H
°ò©ó³oÓ¹D²z¡A§ÚÌ¥i¥HÄéª`¥Í²z¹ÆQ¤ô¦Ü°©¬ÖµÄ©Î¤l®cµÄ¤º¡AÂǦ¹²GÅ骺¦s¦b¨Ó¥YÅãÀˬd¥Ø¼Ð¡C§Q¥Î³oÓ¤èªk¡A§Ú̹Á¸Õ¤À¿ë¹ê½è¤l®cªþÄݾ¹¸~½F¬O·½©ó§Z±_¸~½F©Î¤l®c¦Ù½F¡F©ÎªÌ°Ï§O¤l®c¤º½¤¤U¦Ù½F¡B¤º½¤®§¦×¥H¤Î¤l®c¤º¾À¼h¦Ù½F¤TªÌªº¤£¦P¡C¤]¥i¥HÅã¥Ü¤l®c¥~Æ[¼Ò¼Ë¬OÄÝ©ó±ùª¬¥~§Î¡AÂù®p©ÎÂù¨¤¥~§Î¡AÁÙ¬O¤}ª¬¥W³´©·«¬¥~Æ[µ¥µ¥¡C
§Ṳ́]¥i§Q¥ÎÂ^¨ú¨ìªº¤l®cÅé¿n¦¡ªº¥ßÅé¸ê°T¡AÀ˵ø¤l®c¤ºµÄªºª¬ªp©Î¤l®c¤ºÁ×¥¥¾¹¬Û¹ï©ó¤º½¤µÄªº¦ì¸m¨Ó½T»{Á×¥¥¾¹¬O§_¦³²¾¦ìªº²{¶H¡C¥Ø«e½T»{¦³¿W½Ý¤@¼mªº¥Î³~¬O§Q¥Î
¥ßÅé¶Wµªi§Þ³Nªº¬ð¯}¡A²@µLºÃ°Ý¦a·|¹ï´£ª@°ü¬ì¶EÂ_¦³©Ò§U¯q¡A¥u«ÝÁ{§ÉÂå®v¬ãµo¥X¤@®M°w¹ï¦U§O¯fªp©Ò´£¥Xªº¼Ð·Ç¾Þ§@µ{§Ç¤Î±½´y¨BÆJ¡A¤£Â_¦a¥hÅçÃÒ¨ä¶EÂ_ºë½T²v©ÎÁ{§É¥i¦æ©Ê¡A©Î³\¦³´Â¤@¤é¥i¦¨¬°¬Y¨Ç¯S©w¯fªp¥²nªºÀˬd¤u¨ã¡C
¥ßÅé¶Wµªi¦b¥Í´Þ¤º¤ÀªcÂå¾Ç¤è±ªºÀ³¥Î
¤l®c¤º½¤Åé¿nªº´ú¶q¡G°w¹ï¤£¥¥¯g¯f±w¡A±µ¨ü¦UºØ¤H¤u¥Í´Þªº¨ó§U¹Lµ{¤¤¡Bµû¦ô±N¨ÓFLµÛ§Éªº¾÷²v©Î¬O°w¹ï°±¸g«á²§±`¥X¦åªº°ü¤k¡Aµû¦ô¬O§_¦³´c©Ê¸~½Fµo¥Íªº¥i¯à©Ê¡C
§Z±_»PÂoªwÅé¿nªº´ú¶q¡G¦b±µ¨ü¤H¤u¥Í´Þªº¯f±w¡AªvÀø¹Lµ{¤¤Âoªw¦¨ªøªº³t«×»P¤j¤p»P§Zªº«~½è¼~±¬ÛÃö¡A©Ò¥H¥¿½TªºÅé¿nµû¦ô¡A§ó¯à°÷¦³®Ä¦a´x´¤¯f±w¹ï©óÃĪ«ªº¤ÏÀ³¡A¥HP©ó¿ï©w³Ì¨Î¨ú§Zªº®É¾÷¡C
¥ý¤Ñ©Ê¤l®c²§±`ªºµû¦ô¡G¥H©¹½T¤Á¦a¶EÂ_¤l®c²§±`¡A±`nÂǧU©ó¤l®c¿é§ZºÞÄá¼v¡A¬Æ¦Ü©ó¤l®cÃè¤Î¸¡µÄÃ誺Àˬd¡A¦Ó
¤l®c¦Ù½F»P¤l®c¦Ù¸¢½FªºÅ²§O¶EÂ_¡G°w¹ï¤£¦P¤l®c¸~½F¥»¨ªº¯S©Ê¥H¥ßÅé¶Wµªi¦åºÞ«²Õªº¦¨¹³¨Ó°Ï§O¥X³o¨âºØ³Ì±`¨£ªº¤l®c¸~½F¡C
§Z±_¸~½Fªºµû¦ô¡G°w¹ï§Z±_¸~½F¤ºªº¤º®eª«¡A¥H
II.
L¨à¤ßŦ¶Wµªi
L¨à¤ßŦ¶Wµªi¦b²£«e¶EÂ_¤Î¶Wµªi¤W¥e¦³«n¦a¦ì¡Aì¦]¤§¤@¬OL¨à¥ý¤Ñ²§±`ªºµo¥Í²v¥i¹F¬¡²£¤§¤d¤À¤§¤K¡A¥BY¦³¦MÀI¦]¤l¡A¦p®a±Ú¥v¦³¤ßŦ¯f¡AL¨à¤ß²v²§±`¡A¬V¦âÅ鲧±`¡A¨ä¥L³¡¦ì¥ý¤Ñ²§±`¡AL¨à¥Íªø¿ðº¢¡A¥À¿ËªA¥Î¾YÆQ¡A§ÜÅöíwÃÄ¡AÁ×¥¥ÃÄ¡A Indomethacin¡A©Î¦³°sºë¡B³ÂÃÄ¡B¦w«D¥L©RÀݥΡB¦Ï¤ô¹L¦h¡B¤líw«e¯g¡A¥À¿Ë¦³¦ÛÅé§K¬Ì¯e¯fµ¥µ¥¡K¡A«hL¨à¤ßŦ²§±`¤§¥i¯à©Ê§ó°ª¡C¦ÓL¨à¤ßŦ¶Wµªi¬ã¨s¤§¾ÇªÌ¡A³Ì¦¨Ï¥ÎM-mode¤ßŦ¶Wµªi¬OWinsberg©ó¤@¤E¤C¤G¦~©Òµoªí¡Aº¸«á³°Äò¦³Directed
M-mode¤ßŦ¶Wµªi¡A
L¨à¤ßŦ¶WµªiYnÀˬd¥J²Ó,«h¥H¤U´XÓView¬Òn±Mºë¡A§YFour-chamber view (Apical, Basal, Lateral), Parasternallong-axis aortic outflow, Parasternal long axis pulmonic
outflow Parasternal short axis, Left heart long axis,
Aortic arch long axis, Pulmonary ductal arch long axis
view¡A¥H¤W³o¨ÇView³£n°µ¡A¤~¯à¥¿½T¶EÂ_¤ßŦ¯Ê·l¡C¦¹¥~¡A±m¦â§ù¤R°Ç¶Wµªi¥iÀ³¥Î¦bL¨à¦å²G°Ê¤O¾Ç¤§¬ã¨s¡A¥B¹ïL¨à¤ßŦ¦å¬y¤è¦V¥i°µ¤@¬ã¨s¡C¦ÓTime-domain
Processing (TDP)«h¥i¥Î¨Óµû¦ô¦å¬y(blood flow velocity)¤Î¤ßŦ¤§¦å¬y¿é¥X(cardicac
output)À³¥Î¦b³h¦å¡A¥Íªø¿ðº¢¡AL¨à¤ô¸~¤§L¨à¤§¤ßŦ¥\¯à¤§µû¦ô¡C¬ã¨s¤ßŦ¦å¬y³t«×ªi§Î¥²¶·¤F¸ÑPeak velocity, time to peak
velocity¤Îtime velocity integral¡A±q¦Ópºâ¥X¤ß¿é¥X¶q(Cardiac
output)¡A³o¨Ç¦b¤ß©Ð¤ß«Ç佤¡A¥D°Ê¯ß¤ÎªÍ¥\¯ß¦å¬y¡AÀR¯ß´`Àôµ¥¤è±¦³«nªº°Ñ¦Ò»ùÈ¡C¥Ñ©óºØ±Úªº®t²§¡A²z½×¤W¨CÓ°ê®a©ÎºØ±Ú³£À³¦³¦Û¤vªºL¨à¤ßŦªº´ú¶q°Ñ¦ÒÈ¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¤@¨ý¤Þ¥Î°ê¥~ªº¼Æ¾Ú¨Ó°µ°Ñ¦Ò¡C
L¨à¤ßŦ¶Wµªi¦b¶EÂ_ºc³y²§±`¤è±¥²¶·ª`·N¥H¤U¥|ÂI¡G
¡]¤@¡^¥¿½Tªº¸Ñå¾Ç¤Wªº¶EÂ_¬O¤°»ò¡H
¡]¤G¡^¦³µL¨ä¥L³¡¦ìªº¥ý¤Ñ²§±`¡H
¡]¤T¡^L¨à¤§¬V¦âÅé¬O§_²§±`¡H
¡]¥|¡^¬O§_¬°¤ßŦ°IºÜ©Ò²£¥Í¤§¼x¥ü¡]¦p«D§K¬Ì©Ê¤ô¸~¡^¡H
¦Ü©ó±`¨£ªº¤ßŦºc³y²§±`¡AY®Ú¾Ú
¦Ü©óM-mode¤ßŦ¶Wµªi¥Dn¬O¦bL¨à¤ß«ß¤£¾ã¡A¦p¦µo©Ê¦¬ÁY¡A¤ß«ß¹L³t¡A¤ß²vªýÂ_µ¥¡A¥B¥i¥Î¨Ó´ú¶q¤ß«Ç¤ß©Ð¤§¤j¤p¡A佤¤Î°Ê¯ß¤j¤p¡A¥H¤Î¦³µL¤ß¥]½¤¿n¤ôµ¥µ¥¡AM-mode¤ßŦ¶WµªiÄÝ©ó¤ñ¸û²³æ¦Ó°ò¥»¤§´ú¶q¡A¨C¦ì²£¬ìÂå®v³£À³·|¾Þ§@¤Î§PŪ¡C